He Chen portrayed the prosperous and prosperous scenes of the Northern Wei Dynasty he saw along the way, making people immersed in the scene. For the Khitans at that time, the prosperous scenes depicted by He Chen were really like the Clouds Heavenly Palace, gorgeous but out of reach, and more like a mirage, like a dream and a illusion.

"One stone stirred up a thousand layers of waves", which caused an uproar among the eight tribes of the Khitan. The tribes developed unprecedented admiration for the prosperity of the Central Plains, and began to trade with the Northern Wei Dynasty. At the same time, they maintained close ties with the Northern Wei Dynasty and continued to pay tribute every year.

The Khitans absorbed the Central Plains culture hungrily and skillfully localized it, and used it for our purposes, and had greatly developed and improved in all aspects such as culture, economy, and military.

While the Khitan grew silently, the softness of the west gradually developed, and it was obvious that it developed much faster than the Khitan, which gave the Khitan great pressure to survive. In addition, the eye of other ethnic groups around them, such as Di Douyu, Shiwei, Doumolo, Kumoxi, Goryeo, etc. The Khitans were walking on thin ice every day, cautious, for fear that if they were not careful, they would become the food of the surrounding ethnic groups and countries. But even so, they were often attacked by the surrounding ethnic groups and countries, and life was very difficult.

The Khitans were very smart. They compared the gap between their strength and their opponent's strength and knew that they could only choose one way at the moment - tolerant. But once they endured, tolerated, and tolerated again, the Khitan finally couldn't bear it anymore. The leader Mofu (the title of the leader of the tribes of northern ethnic minorities in ancient times) He Wuyu wrote a letter to the Emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty, telling sincerely about the difficulty of survival in the prairie and the slim future. Finally, he asked to entrust it.

The Emperor of Northern Wei was very happy that the Khitan trusted him so much and entrusted all his future survival plans. With a big stroke, he approved his request.

So Mofuhewuyu brought more than 10,000 Khitans, three thousand carriages and horses, and drove livestock to the east of Bailang Shui, which is today's Fuxin area of ​​Liaoning Province. Here, the Khitans continued to learn about Central Plains culture, economy, military and other aspects of strength and even began to expand outward.

Within a few years, the Northern Wei Dynasty was destroyed. The Northern Qi government, the new and oldest leader in the Central Plains, was busy dealing with civil strife and had no time to deal with the northern nations. This was an excellent opportunity for development. The Khitan immediately seized the opportunity to accelerate its expansion and continue to grow.

At the beginning, the Khitan tried to attack Rouran in the west, and unexpectedly won the victory, and killed Rouran's leader Tiefa. The Khitans were suddenly very happy and proud, feeling that they were really invincible in the world, so they rushed south to attack the border fortress of Northern Qi, trying to capture Northern Qi in one fell swoop and dominate northern China.

At this time, Emperor Gao Yang of the Northern Qi Dynasty was resentful of whether his ability and prestige could be compared with the previous Northern Wei Dynasty. The Khitan's move clearly looked down on him. In anger, Gao Yang felt that it was time to kill the chicken and scare the monkey and establish the prestige of the country, so he immediately ordered a retaliatory fight against the Khitan.

Gao Yang personally led the army and approached the Khitan with a momentum. Looking at the Northern Qi army like heavenly soldiers and generals, the Khitans knew for the first time what regret was.

As a result, the Northern Qi army led by Gao Yang was in a state of great power, conquering several cities and fighting to Qingshan (that is, today's Daqingshan in Fuxin West). The Khitan lost a lot, with more than 100,000 people being captured and 100,000 livestock being robbed.

This gave the Khitan a fatal blow, and the Khitan economy never recovered from then on and eventually had to surrender to the Northern Qi Dynasty.

However, misfortune never comes alone. The rapid development of the previous Khitan has become a rookie in the grassland and also a thorn in the eyes of the newly rising Turks. The Turks became a fortune in the western part of the grassland. They first destroyed Rouran, who once dominated the country with lightning speed, and then began to attack the rapidly developing Khitan. At this time, the Khitan economy had not had time to recover, and there was no huge barrier of Rouran, which was powerless and vulnerable.

Faced with the disasters that followed, the Khitans were once again entangled. They always thought that development would make them stronger, but they did not know that development would cause them to be jealous and jealous, and even disasters. So some Khitans proposed to migrate eastward and stay away from the Turks and the Central Plains.

But this proposal was soon opposed by another group of people. They were already accustomed to the prosperous economic and living conditions of the Central Plains and were really unwilling to return to the original state. They firmly chose to stay. But the Turks did not rude because of their determination, but instead took their territory and people unceremoniously. In the end, these people were included in the ruling sphere by the Turks.

From then on, the eight parts of the Khitan that had been hugged tightly together turned into three parts, some became prisoners of the Northern Qi Dynasty, some moved eastward, and some were ruled by the Turks.

After further contact with the Central Plains, the Khitans began to conduct material exchanges with the Central Plains by tribute, return gifts, and trade with each other. In addition, "Bandits" and "Bandits" were also means of material exchanges with the Central Plains. The so-called "Bandits" and "Bandits" were invasion and robbery.

After experiencing foreign invasion and attacks from Northern Qi, Turks and others, the split Khitan energy was greatly damaged. The scattered tribes could only survive under the power of the local rulers, silently maintaining the last breath. The dream of reunion of the eight tribes seemed far away and unreal.

Just when the Khitans were deeply saddened that the eight tribes could not reunite, the southern regime underwent earth-shaking changes: after years of wars in the south and north, Emperor Wen of Sui Yang Jian finally ended the split in the Central Plains and established a unified regime. More importantly, Emperor Wen of Sui was a wise ruler. He was diligent and frugal, constantly reformed, improved the system, and advocated rest and recuperation, so that the Sui Dynasty's society and people were prosperous, the people lived and worked in peace, and the politics were stable, and the scene was completely prosperous.

All of this was seen by the Khitans who moved to Yingzhou, Pingzhou and other places because they were captured by Northern Qi. They watched the Sui Dynasty become stronger day by day, and realized that the power and stability of the southern regime were not comparable to that of the Turks, and they could not even be compared with the Northern Wei Dynasty. In addition to their obsession with the Central Plains culture and economy, they eventually decided to retake the southern regime.

The tribe leader Mo Fu sent an envoy to the Sui Dynasty, expressing his endless admiration for the Sui Dynasty like a surging river, and expressing his willingness to "abandon darkness and turn to light" again and submit to the Sui Dynasty. Seeing someone taking the initiative to surrender, Emperor Wen of Sui was very happy and greeted the court. He immediately agreed to the Khitans' request for inclusion, allowing them to return to their original residence and continue to live in the northeast of Bailang Mountain. He also appointed Mo Fu as the general.

The Sui Dynasty's enthusiasm for the Khitan was greatly inspired by the Khitan people. Soon, the Khitan tribes who moved east also drove their livestock and carriages to migrate with their families and their families to join the Sui Dynasty. Emperor Wen of Sui was naturally happy and welcomed them with the same enthusiasm, and also allowed them to return to their original residence and meet with their brothers who had just returned to their hometown.

Seeing that the tribesmen were warmly received by the Sui Dynasty and returned to their hometown to live, they were excited by the Khitan tribes ruled by the Turks. They could not continue to endure the control of the Turks. Their urgent desire to go home was ready and eventually they were out of control. Going home and reunion with their brothers became their only belief. So, they packed up silently, broke away from the control of the Turks, and returned to the northeast of Bailang Mountain.

With the examples from the previous two times, these Khitans thought that even if they would not be warmly received by the Sui Dynasty, they would be allowed to return to their hometown to live. However, they did not calculate it, and the Sui Dynasty at this time did not welcome their support.

Emperor Wen of Sui was very clear about the situation he was in. He knew that the northern defense line of the Sui Dynasty was not reliable, and the Turkic tribe in the north was rising rapidly, and the Sui Dynasty might be threatened by the Turks at any time. In this regard, Emperor Wen of Sui felt that the Central Plains had been in war for many years and the vitality had not been fully restored, so it would be better not to have a head-on conflict with the Turks.

The return of the Khitans under the Turkic rule was undoubtedly to install a time bomb for this originally unstable peaceful situation, which would be completely broken at any time, and then it would be out of control. This was the worst result and the result that Emperor Wen of Sui wanted to see the least, so he ordered the Khitans to give them enough food supply to return to the Turkic ruling area, hoping to kill this "time bomb" in the cradle. In order to express his sincerity, he also personally wrote a letter to the Turkic Khan, pleading for the Khitans, asking the Turkic Khan not to punish them because of their rebellion.

However, the Khitans who had finally reunited had already made up their minds to die together this time even if they died. When the Sui Dynasty's edict arrived, the Khitans who returned to their hometown from the Turkic rule shook their heads firmly and expressed their refusal to leave their tribe members again. The Sui Dynasty had no choice but to compromise in the end.

So, the eight Khitan tribes, who had been separated for nearly half a century, finally reunited! Although the eight Khitan tribes at this time were no longer the eight ancient tribes, this did not affect their determination to advance and retreat together.

In order to prevent being disbanded again, they summed up past experiences and lessons and decided to establish a tribal alliance, and the noble clan Dahe clan served as the alliance chief. From then on, the Khitan tribe entered the period of the Dahe clan.

However, a few days later, Emperor Wen of Sui went west. Yang Guang, the Emperor Yang of Sui, who took over the throne, cruel and tyrannical, led to chaos in the world. The heroes began to arise, and the Central Plains region was once again in a situation of war. At this time, the Turkic Qimin Khan passed away, and his son Shibi Khan inherited the throne. The new Khan was young and promising. Under his leadership, the strength of the Turkic increased greatly. Seeing that the southern regime could not continue to rely on, the Khitans had to surrender to the Turkic again under the pressure of survival.

Soon, the Turks became the overlord of the northern grasslands, and even the newly established Tang Dynasty was slightly inferior. However, with the unification of the Central Plains, the strength of the Tang Dynasty continued to increase, and the Khitan, who surrendered to the Turks, was shaken again.

But looking at himself, the Khitans knew clearly that their strength was too weak. There was a tiger on the left and a lion on the right. None of them was the opponent. Letting him make a clear position was tantamount to self-destruction. Therefore, the Khitans had to carefully express their condemnation and express their gentleness and obedience. But it was obvious that the Khitans were unwilling to be frustrated like this, so they sometimes invaded the Tang Dynasty to conquer cities and sometimes resisted the control of the Turks, in order to express their dissatisfaction with their identity as "double-sided tape".

The rulers of the Tang Dynasty knew the thoughts of the Khitans very well. They tolerated the Khitans' indecision and actively won over and supported the Khitans, openly and secretly expressing their welcome to the Khitans to the Central Plains dynasty.

At the beginning, the Khitans nodded and looked around secretly. The power of the Turks is obvious to all. They don’t want to repeat the same mistakes. If they accidentally play with fire and are forced to separate again, it would be too much of a loss.

However, as time went by, the Tang Dynasty gradually became stronger and even surpassed the overlord of the grassland Turks. The Khitans were moved. So, the king of the Khitan tribe, He Duluo, tentatively sent envoys, leading famous horses, and other specialties to Chang'an to offer. Emperor Gaozu of Tang Li Yuan warmly received the Khitan envoys. The Khitan envoys felt the demeanor and grandeur of the Celestial Kingdom and silently gave a good comment in his heart. From then on, the exchanges between the Khitan and the Tang Dynasty gradually became frequent.

After Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty Li Shimin ascended the throne, he was even more generous and first gave the new Khitan king Grown Hemohui war drums and flags symbolizing the power of Khan - "drum flags", and also gave the Khitan king "national surname". This made the Khitan people very happy, but they still failed to completely dispel their concerns. Although they really wanted to join the Tang Dynasty, they summed up their experience and did not want to "live in a foreign land" and be beaten passively, so in order to save their last territory, they would rather never express their opinions.

This made Emperor Taizong of Tang a frustrated. The border was unstable and the prestige of the Celestial Empire could not be guaranteed. But the Khitans were determined to refuse to submit. What should I do?

Finally, Emperor Taizong of Tang gritted his teeth and decided to give Khitan something more practical - military rule over the Songmo area. Therefore, Emperor Taizong of Tang set up a Songmo Governor's Office on the northern border, allowing the Khitan Chief to serve as the governor, and ruled the areas including today's Xilamulun Henan, the upper reaches of Laoha River, north of Chaoyang, and west of the Liao River.

Although this area is nominally the territory of the Tang Dynasty, in fact, the governor is the real boss here. Therefore, after weighing the pros and cons, the Khitans happily accepted the conditions offered by the Tang Dynasty and officially joined the Tang Dynasty. From then on, the Khitans who reunited with each other lived a happy life here, and kept their energy and kept their low profile.

(In the early years of Emperor Yang of Sui, the Khitan tribe had the first and only large-scale war with the Sui Dynasty. At that time, the Khitan tribe wanted to take advantage of the chaos and rob the Yingzhou, but the chickens failed to steal rice, which angered Emperor Yang of Sui. Emperor Yang of Sui ordered Wei Yunqi to escort the Turkic soldiers to attack the Khitan.

After Wei Yunqi and the Turkic soldiers arrived at the Khitan territory, they said that they were just passing by here and going to Liucheng to trade with Goryeo. The Khitans believed it and were not prepared for the Turkic army entering the country. As a result, when the Turkic army arrived fifty miles away from the Khitan barracks, they suddenly accelerated and caught the Khitan off guard. More than 40,000 Khitans were captured, most of the men were killed, and women and livestock were divided by the Turkic and Sui dynasties.
Chapter completed!