Mianzhou

"Where did the bastard come from? I don't know that this is the Dashun Palace Palace, so I won't retreat quickly."

The person who came was short and had a living crab, with eyes that looked like a living fish, with a flat nose and a wide mouth, and a very fierce appearance. The two monks guarding the gate at the Dashun Palace were staring at each other and were furious. Just as the two were about to get angry, the other party cursed at the two of them and turned around and ran away when they saw it. They secretly breathed a sigh of relief. There were more than three waves of people with hatred faces at the palace gate in just one hour. The other party did not act and had no idea of ​​breaking into the palace. Judging from the poor and sour green dresses of these people, they all came from some scholars from the bitter and cold families.

This is also a big blame for King Dashun’s reckless work. In another month, it will be the golden autumn August. This year is the most important day for scholars. The three-year autumn examination is coming. I have been studying hard for ten years in order to be able to pass the exam and win the honor of the ancestors and be able to eat the Shangguan family. Not everyone can rely on the support of the blessings, and to make up a job with a favor, and to enjoy the Shangguan family smoothly. Students from poor families can only rely on their knowledge of the Four Books and Five Classics, and to pass the abilities and take the lead. Only then can they truly be truly

The righteous gained a place in the officialdom and showed off his skills. This era can be said to be the best and the worst. The good ones are that scholars have the opportunity, and it is not just a joke. None of the great scholars of the previous dynasty, such as Fan Zhongyan, Wang Anshi, and Su Shi, became famous all over the world. The bad ones are too obsessed with art, allowing treacherous parties and eunuchs to control the government and the army, but this still cannot stop the students' enthusiasm for getting fame and fortune.

The imperial examinations in the Song Dynasty included four categories: tribute examinations, martial examinations, system examinations, and ci. They were good at studying in national-level specialized schools such as medical, calculation, book, and speech. After passing the corresponding examinations, they could still become civil servants, which was a bit like the current art special recruitment and adult examinations, but the chance of promotion was still much smaller than that of the Jinshi unified recruitment.

In ancient times, local governments recommended talents to the emperors. There was a system of electing tributes from the villages. In the Han Dynasty, the tribute was combined and the tribute was one, and it was called "tribute" and the quota was generally only one or two. I won't talk about the military examination. The examination subjects were temporarily set up in the Tang Dynasty. One of the imperial examinations in the Tang Dynasty was usually divided into regular examinations and regular examinations. The examination was a special subject set up by the emperor to select "extraordinary people". It was set up at any time and there were many names. The most common ones were virtuous, well-intentioned, and highly admonished. Tang Wenzong

Later, the system was actually suspended and abolished. The Song Dynasty was also called the special subject, which was recommended by ministers and directly examined by the emperor. Many famous ministers in the Northern Song Dynasty had taken the special subject. What is the Ci subject? It is to choose a secretary, specializing in archaeological documents, edicts, and statements. Su Dongpo later specialized in this, including edicts, prefaces, etc. There were four types of Hongci, Ci subjects, and eruditions and other subjects in the Song Dynasty. There were four types of Hongci subjects, including Ci subjects, eruditions and mathematical subjects, and there were even fewer places. There were only 4-5 people in each subject. In the end, there were only more than 100 people who were hired in the Song Dynasty.

The School of Medicine, School of Calculation, School of Books, and School of Painting have achieved success and are ranked among the top, so you can become an official directly. Don’t talk about the gap. The gap is too big. This requires real skills and rich clinical experience. The School of Calculation is good, and you can review finance and taxation, and get more oil and water in the army. Those below have to reimburse military expenses after the war. They will be rich in the area every minute. The Qing Dynasty learned this very popular, and the Song Dynasty should not be much worse, especially those like Tong Guan who reported more heads and ate military rations. If you have some bad ideas on it, you will naturally have many benefits. There is nothing wrong with the School of Calligraphy, but the writing is good and you are just a scribe, although the printing of movable type has been done.

The classics are popular, but someone must write a base. If you compile the history books of the previous dynasty, you will not be rich and you will not starve to death. The Academy of Painting and the Academy of Calligraphy should be similar. Although Zhao Ji himself was a master of calligraphy and painting, Zhang Zeduan (who was painting "Along the River During the Qing Dynasty") only got into the Hanlin Post-Chapter (literature, classics, monks and Taoists, calligraphy, painting, piano and chess, Yin and Yang people with their specialties were called "Hanlin Post-Chapter". After the Qing Dynasty, the main functions of the Hanlin Academy were to compile books, write books, write books, explain scriptures and explain history to the royal family, and act as an imperial examination officer. They were all unrelated to politics and were a literati who worked as a simplified official). It can be seen that they were just a scattered job.

The most important part of these exams is the tribute examination, that is, the regular subject, which is the main way for poor students to jump into the Longmen. In the early Northern Song Dynasty, the tribute examination was divided into three subjects: Jinshi, Mingjing, and various subjects. Among them, the subjects include Nine Classics, Five Classics, Three Rites, Three Genealogies, Three Histories, Scholars, Kaiyuan Literature, and Mingfa. After Wang Anshi's reform, only one subject was left of Jinshi, Mingjing, and other subjects were gradually banned by Strategy and Theory.

The Song Dynasty can be said to be the first of the literati and officials, and they surrendered talents regardless of their confinement. Whether it is royal relatives, royal family members, peddlers, and rural residents, they all refused to accept them, but the following situations are exceptions.

First: Monks, Taoist priests are not good. Monks should not "jump out of the three realms and not be in the five forms" and should not enter the world again and cause dust again, so there was such a ban. In the Northern Song Dynasty, there was a Jinshi, whose father was a Taoist priest and his mother was a nun, but he still came out to be an official. Although monks were born, they did not prevent future generations from becoming officials.

Second: If the officials are not good, they are specialized in writing documents for the officials and copying case files. They are in the government office but are not part of the officials. The big Niu Ma Duanlin, who wrote "Wenxian Tongkao" at the intersection of the Song and Yuan dynasties, gave this reason: "I am afraid that the miscellaneous people will be named to tarnish the election." Everyone should be clear about this. Song Jiang, a "small official in the pen and ink", could only write a poem after getting drunk, become an angry young man, form a gang, and find another way.

Third: There must be no problem with character: I have committed a crime, been in jail, had a golden seal on my face, I was even unfilial to my parents, was unfriendly with my brothers and sisters, and was notorious for my country and was even traced back to the previous three generations. As long as I have committed a serious crime, I am sorry, I will be disqualified from applying for my life.

Fourth: The body cannot have major disabilities: deaf and dumb, mentally retarded, one of the limbs is disabled, the waist and back spine are broken, and dwarfs are disabled; madness and terminal illness, more than two limbs are disabled, and both eyes are blind, it is called a deaf disease. If the deaf disease is disabled, the deaf disease cannot be registered for the imperial examination.

Fifth: Someone at home died: Officials are generally called Ding You, who must go home to mourn. The period for students to mourn is one year, or at least more than three months before they can apply for the exam.

Like the Tang Dynasty before, the imperial examinations were conducted in the imperial examinations and provincial examinations. In the sixth year of Kaibao of Taizu of Song Dynasty (973), the palace examinations were added. The examinations were organized by the Imperial College in the capital, and in the local area, the prefecture and the Transportation Department were responsible for organizing the families and relatives of local ordinary candidates and local officials to participate. The examinations were usually conducted in autumn (the eighth month of the lunar calendar, so they were also called the autumn examination. I have already mentioned the specific examinations before, and I will not elaborate here). Those who passed the examinations were called Jie Shi, which means scholars who were sent to the capital. The first name of Jie Shi was called Jie Yuan, one of the four great talents in Jiangnan in the Ming Dynasty, Tang Bohu, who was one of the four great talents in Jiangnan in the Ming Dynasty, was called Jie Yuan. Otherwise, he would not have been involved in the storm of missing questions, and he would not have been so miserable in his later years. Of course, he would not have written such in-depth articles as "Peach Blossom Poem". It is considered that there are gains and losses. The first-level civil servant exams in the Ming and Qing dynasties were called the provincial examination rather than the answer.

The Jieshi were sent to the capital and then took the provincial examination again in the first month of the second year (called the imperial examination in the Ming and Qing dynasties). The provincial examination ended, and the list of candidates who passed the examination was usually announced in February and March, and then the palace examination was held by the emperor himself at the last level. After the palace examination, the high school Jinshi must be ranked last, that is, the top three top students in the first class, second class, Tanhua and other rankings were determined. This would be the end of the three-year competition.

The Jinshi admitted after the palace examination were divided into three grades in the early stage and then into five grades, which was somewhat similar to the expansion of enrollment now. The first and second grades were Jinshi and the third and fourth grades were Jinshi, and the fifth grade was the worst, which was also considered to be the same as the Jinshi. Each ranking was scheduled, and the roll title was awarded. On the day, the emperor brought the prime minister (Pingzhangshi of the Secretariat) and relevant ministers to Chongzheng Hall (after Song Shenzong, Jiying Hall). The test papers sealed after the palace examination were placed next to the imperial throne, and officials specifically followed the pre-developed rankings.

The test papers were opened one by one and handed them over to the Secretariat and the Prime Minister to watch. So the two of them watched the test papers together, and they announced that they were the Jinshi one by one. This is the singing title, also called the "Chuanlu". The emperor also had a sing title himself, so Zhao Guangyi personally did this special guest work to show his favor to the Jinshi. How could the students outside know their ranking? Han Qi said a very famous saying, "The famous singer of Donghuamen is a good man." Donghuamen, Tokyo City, is a place used to announce the results.

After the imperial examination, the Jinshi had to have a meal, which was the emperor's banquet, that is, the Qionglin banquet. The Southern Song Dynasty gave the banquet in the tribute courtyard of the Ministry of Rites. He also asked for thanking him once, and he called Xie Chao. Thanking him naturally had the intention. The earliest Xie Chao had to give silver, and each person had a full 100 taels of silver. The emperor was rich and might be embarrassed, so he stopped accepting this gift, and instead asked everyone to write a "table" to praise the emperor. There were celebrations and activities next, including worshiping Confucius, Mencius and other scholars of the world. The Jinshi joined each other to share the superiors and inferiors, and had to erect titles and stones, and make booklets of the same year, which was quite lively.

Then the official award was officially awarded. In the Song Dynasty, the top four imperial examinations in the imperial examination were basically immediately awarded officials: the top scholar was the largest, and they could be the chief supervisor (from the eighth rank) or the Dali judge (the ninth rank). The second rank and Tanhua could also be the Dali judge or go to the local area to do some secretarial work exercises, which was a bit similar to the current secretary-general. The remaining first ranks and the first ranks of Jinshi have official positions. When the good ones are even directly in the magistrate, they can even be assigned to each other. Only in the fifth ranks must be "shoulder", that is, they can be subject to the assessment. Only when the assessment is passed can they work formally.

As a Jinshi, he was promoted very quickly. In the second year of Taiping Xingguo in the Song Dynasty (977), Lu Meng was the top scholar. He became the deputy prime minister (sponsor to the political affairs) in six years and the prime minister in eleven years (Pingzhangshi of the Secretariat), which is equivalent to the current *****. He was only 42 years old at that time, which was like a rocket. Moreover, the civil servants in the Song Dynasty absolutely accounted for the majority of Jinshi, and almost eight out of ten prime ministers and deputy prime ministers were both Jinshi.

Let’s talk about the benefits after becoming an official, let’s talk about holidays first. In the past, we did not implement double breaks like we are now. People had one day off for ten days (Tang, Song, Qin and Han dynasties, called rest and bath, which means rest and bathing, and let everyone go home and take a bath). It is called Xunyou. That is, there is a rest day for every tenth day, 20th day, and 30th day of each month (when encountering a small month, it is the twenty-nineth day). Remember, the past was calculated according to the lunar calendar, and there were no thirty days.

It seems that the rest day is not enough. Let me talk about other festivals, Shangyuan (Lantern Festival), Summer Solstice, Zhongyuan (July 15th), and Laba Festival are all three days. The seventh day of the first lunar month, the first day of the second lunar month, the first day of the Zhonghe Festival, the Spring Equinox, the Spring Club (a festival for worshiping the land god, the fifth day after the beginning of spring), and the 17 traditional festivals and solar terms, plus the 1st October 1st day of the garment gift day (the day when giving officials cotton jackets - work clothes and winter clothes) are all off for one day, and a total of 87 days can be rested throughout the year. By the time of Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty, Zhao Ji, it reached more than 100 days. The wedding leave was for nine days, brothers and sisters got married for five days, cousins ​​and sisters got married for three days, cousins ​​(daughters) two days, cousins ​​(daughters), and great-grandson (daughters) one day.

The bereavement leave is a bit unhumane. Ding You has been mourning for three years and does not have to go to work, but he has no salary. Military officers also have at least a hundred days off and it is easy to go to work if they don’t go to work.

Sick leave: You naturally have to insist on going to work if you have a cold or a minor illness. You usually don’t have to work in the afternoon, and you should be able to persist in the morning. If you are really seriously ill, you must seek medical treatment. You can give it to 100 days directly, and you will still have paid. If you haven’t cured for 100 days, it doesn’t matter. You can renew your leave and continue to treat it, but this time you don’t have paid.

There are no restrictions on leave in the Northern Song Dynasty, so everyone can take leave at will. Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty had restrictions. He could take leave for a total of two months in three years and one month in two years, but he was not allowed to take leave within one year, which was a bit like the current annual leave system.

In addition to these major life events, there were leave before taking office. After all, long distances were not like those of the planes and trains arrived in a few days, and there were regular family leave. This stipulates the holidays based on the distance. The emperor gave birth to a prince and married a concubine. He would also have a leave when he was happy. The heroes made great contributions. It is difficult to guarantee that the general would celebrate together.

Salary: According to the standards of the Yuanfeng period, the highest civil servants, Kaifuyi and Sansi, earn 100 guan per month; the special income is 90 guan; the gold and purple Guanglu Dafu, silver and green Guanglu Dafu, Guanglu Dafu: 60 guan; the lowest level is from the ninth-rank Chengwulang to the ninth rank, the gap is a bit big: 7 guan. This is just the standard for sending the official position. (Shilu official is an official rank in the Song Dynasty, with official titles and treatments, but no actual duties). In fact, the salary of real high-ranking officials is not subject to this restriction at all. For example, Wang Shi's former military governor reached 400 guan per month, the prime minister 300 guan, the Privy Councilor (now the commander-in-chief of the military region), and the political affairs of 200 guan.

In addition to the basic salary (basic salary), there are other complicated additional income and subsidies. The most important one is to add money, also called job money, and have formal job positions. This salary is generally very high. For example, the prefect of Kaifeng Prefecture has 100 guan per month, at least 80 guan. Even the 9th-rank Taichang Temple Fenglilang has 16 guan, which is exactly twice his basic salary (eight guan). This is the additional salary of officials in Beijing. For those officials who are not in Beijing, they divide their positions and the size of their positions and the size of the management prefectures and counties, and they divide the rent, obtain food or cash them out. This is equivalent to adding double salary to officials with duty, which is indeed a big difference from the ones that have not been "official".
Chapter completed!