Chapter 686, Changyin and the Agricultural Association(1/3)
Nan Yi's thoughts sank down his lower body, but as soon as he lowered to the navel, he suddenly pulled him back above his neck.
"Colorful films, colored contact lenses, aren't these just contact lenses? Contact lenses..."
After searching for memories in my mind, Nan Yi found that he knew nothing about contact lenses. He neither knew how much this thing cost or how big the potential market was.
But I vaguely remember that in his previous life, several women he met in the company's office building should have worn contact lenses, because their pupils will change to a different color every now and then, sometimes black and sometimes gold.
"Contact lenses should have different usage time versions of daily abandonment, monthly abandonment, and annual abandonment. If you are involved in the field of contact lenses now, you will attract several allies to set industry standards to maintain prices at a higher level. Make contact lenses into fast-moving consumer goods. Is this a big deal? How long can a patent be used to keep low-price disruptors outside?"
Nan Yi thought for a while and then put down the matter of contact lenses first. He understood too little, and it would be useless to think more now.
"Naowei, we have communicated well and the measurements have been measured." As soon as Nan Yi was released from his self-thinking, Ryoko Hanazawa walked to him and said.
"Ah, so soon, Athena, thank you for your hard work."
"No, this is what I should do." Ryoko Hanazawa said politely while bowing slightly.
“I don’t know how much deposit I’m going to pay?”
"There are 40,000 yen in total, Nagao Jun can pay me 20,000 yen first."
“It’s really not cheap.”
Nan Yi complained in his heart, took out a stack of money from his pocket and pointed out four pieces and handed them to Ryoko Hanazawa, "Athena represents justice, Seiya is willing to believe you, please accept it, this is the full amount."
Ryoko Hanazawa smiled and took the money over, "Thank you for your trust. Although I really want to be Athena, I know I can't do it, so I can only be Saori Toru."
"Tokou Saori is very good. After all, we live in the world, not in the heaven. Can I call you Saori in the future?"
"Yes, Nagao-kun."
Nan Yi said playfully: "Saori, you can call me Seiya."
Ryoko Hanazawa's cheeks turned red and she did not respond to Nan Yi.
Looking at Ryoko Hanazawa's crimson, Nan Yi smiled, "Saori, don't disturb me. Please call me after the clothes are ready. My number is Masami."
“Ha…Hayi.”
Holding Nan Wuwei's hand, Nan Yi walked out of the Liangzi Clothing Materials Store.
As soon as he walked out for a short period of time, Nam Wuwei suddenly said, "Dad, what is the relationship between Seiya and Saori Tokio?"
"Seiya is the biological son of Grandpa Saori, and then Seiya and Saori Tokio grew up together, childhood sweethearts, just like you and Nuannuan."
"Where is Athena?"
"Athena, she is a god and can be reincarnated continuously. In the Saint Seiya, her reincarnation in this life is Saoro Koto, so Saoro Koto has a dual personality."
“What is a dual personality?”
...
The father and son asked questions and answered questions, and the topic was linked from comics to medicine. Until Nan Yi could not answer the question asked by Na Wuwei, he temporarily ended the question and answer mode.
In the backyard, Hagiwara Koshuri scooped up a scoop of water from the hot spring pool, came to the next massage bed, tilted the scoop of water, and poured it from Nanyi's back neck to his calf.
After pouring a scoop, another scoop was taken. After rinsing the slime mud from Nan Yi's body, he patted Nan Yi and signaled him to turn over.
Nan Yi turned over and raised his left arm.
Sayuri Hagiwara grabbed Nanyi's wrist, put on another glove and rubbed Nanyi's elbow a few times.
“How is the business in the store?”
"It's similar to previous years, and there's not much ups and downs. Business will be better when the season changes. The turnover this year has been around 70 million yen."
“A little less.”
"It's already a lot. The annual turnover can exceed 300 million yen. If the company takes it, the profit will be about 55% left, that's..." Hagiwara Koshuri stopped talking.
"What's wrong, just say something."
"There is not much work to be busy in the store. I almost just stare blankly in the store every day."
"Bored?"
"Hayi, I want to open another store."
"I want to open a store later. I'm going to Mumbai soon. You go with me."
"real?"
Hagiwara Koshuri showed surprise on her face, and her eyes were scorching at Nan Yi's face.
Nan Yi blinked, Hagiwara Kosai cheered, and then took off the bath towel from her hand and climbed onto the massage table...
...
the next day.
Before noon, Masami Uchido sent someone to send some information from the long-term credit bank to Nanyi.
Taking the information, Nan Yi sat in the pavilion.
Hagiwara Koshuri, who hadn't gone to the store, immediately brought tea to Nanyi, then stood behind him and gently kneaded his shoulders.
Nan Yi closed his eyes and enjoyed for a while, opened his eyes and began to read the information.
Changyin is a bank with the main business of long-term investment loan business. Its business characteristics are to provide long-term loans to enterprises that invest in new construction, expansion, reconstruction and equipment. The loan term is mostly more than one year and less than 15 years.
The ways to provide loans include is issuing long-term mortgage loans, guaranteed loans or providing long-term funds to enterprises by purchasing corporate stocks and bonds.
Changyin funds mainly come from the issuance of stocks, financial bonds and transferable time deposit certificates. The issuance of financial bonds is used as its main source of funds, and absorbing customer deposits is also one of its sources of funds.
The main differences between Changyin and general commercial banks are: First, the former’s source of funds mainly relies on equity capital and issuance of financial bonds, while the latter mainly relies on absorbing current deposits from industrial and commercial enterprises and individuals;
Second, the former mainly focuses on providing equipment investment loans and other long-term investment loans to enterprises, while the latter mainly focuses on providing short-term loans to industrial and commercial enterprises.
However, in addition to various banks that operate policy-based long-term credit business, Changyin and Commercial Bank have the main business goal of pursuing profits. Changyin is also a commercial bank that independently calculates and bears its own profits and losses.
In the 1950s, according to the Long-term Credit Banking Act, three Japanese banks - Industrial Bank, Quanye Bank, and Hokkaido Tomeng Bank were reorganized into long-term credit banks. Among them, Quanye Bank was divided into two, half became ordinary commercial banks, and the other half became long-term credit banks. Usually "Changyin" refers to this bank, and the other two banks continued to use their original names.
In 1952, Changyin was established on the basis of the former Japanese Quaoye Bank. The government provided 50% of the capital by subscribing preferred shares. Within three years after its establishment, Dazang Province subscribed 40% of all Changyin's financial bonds. Changyin, which has a deep government "gene", can be said to be half a national bank.
In the early 1960s, with the rise of Japan's economy, Changyin's business developed rapidly. In 1963, Changyin provided hundreds of billions of yen to Japan's domestic manufacturing industry.
In the early 1980s, Changchun Bank formulated reform measures, hoping to shift its focus from traditional credit to investment banking, but it did not receive support from external regulators and internal conservatives.
"interesting."
When Nan Yi saw this, his eyes swept to the following text drawn by a red pen: Many senior officials in Changyin are retired officials of the Dazang Province, and this group of people are also the backbone of Changyin's conservatives.
Changyin's strategy of issuing large amounts of loans to real estate companies and directly investing in real estate was proposed by conservatives, and the audit power of the loan review department was mainly controlled by the conservatives.
"We need to check what real estate investments in Changyin are from and who bought it."
Nan Yi drew a question mark on the side of this information and then read it down.
In terms of loan investment, as a commercial bank with policy attributes, when it was established, Changyin mainly focused on industries that were in line with "national interests" and obeyed the industrial policies of the Tripitaka Province, such as shipbuilding, electricity, steel, coal and other industries in the early days of World War II, as well as industrial production industries such as automobile manufacturing.
In Changyin's view, only enterprises with government support and conform to government policy orientation and their affiliated companies can survive in Japan for a long time.
Therefore, in actual credit business, Changyin often does not judge the company's financial statements, but considers the company's background and social relations more.
Against this background, Changyin has a very stable lending gap.
The formulation of the "Temporary Interest Adjustment Law" in 1945 stipulates the interest ceiling for financial institutions such as bank deposit interest rates, loan interest rates, bill discount interest rates, account overdraft rates.
The bond interest rate issued by Changyin to other institutions is always fixed at 90 basis points higher than the interest rate of long-term preferential loans, while Changyin's lending interest rate is fixed at a certain level higher than the discount rate of Japanese banks.
With the rise of Japan's economy, Changyin is also growing.
In 1963, Changyin's lending targets included industry giants such as Toyota, Toray Group, Kawasaki Steel, Tokyo Electric Power, Hashishi Tire and Toshiba. At the same time, Changyin also helped these companies expand overseas.
In the mid-to-late 1960s, after providing guarantees for Toyota's loan to the Export-Import Bank of the United States, Changyin realized the importance of overseas opportunities, so he sent staff to learn foreign languages and go to overseas banks for training.
In the future, the "international factions" in the management of Nagain, such as Ono Kishinobu and Hiroji Hiroki, stood out after receiving overseas training during this period.
With the slowdown in the 1970s and the development of the direct financing market, the demand for loans through Changchun Bank has become less and less, which has threatened the long-term development of Changchun Bank.
Therefore, the "international faction" including Ono Kimi Katsushima began to propose reforms to Changyin, and Ono Kimi Katsushima's suggestion that the company's transformation towards investment banks was also recognized by Changyin's senior management.
At the end of 1983, due to financial regulatory reasons, although banks were still not allowed to intervene in bond and stock business within Japan, they could set up branches overseas to participate in bond underwriting in overseas markets.
Changyin therefore plans to set up an "investment bank group" to develop new businesses such as bond trading, investment consultants and series of products.
In the strategic plan released by Changyin in 1985, Mario Water, the leader of the reform, criticized the current backwardness of Japan's financial system and pointed out the reform direction of Changyin, which mainly includes:
Japan's financial and economic atmosphere is distorted, and the financial system has not kept up; banks need to change their roles and provide more advanced financial products, and a large scale no longer means profits; banks need to establish a corporate financing team; staff promotion is based on contribution, simplifying management, and reflecting personal contributions in the salary system.
Although the water reform has been opposed by the "domestic factions" within the Changyin Bank, the "international factions" are still making efforts for the reform.
Onoki was appointed to be in charge of the investment banking group, and Hirao was sent to New York to open up the international capital market of Changyin. Later, he supervised the purchase of part of the shares of Piers, a company engaged in corporate mergers in the country, and acquired Greenwich Capital Management, a major bond dealer.
However, since 1985, with the continuous accumulation of Japanese real estate and stock bubbles, the efforts of Changyin reformists have become shattered, and the bubble economy has brought profits that are within reach, making Changyin indulge in the game of bubble economy, especially real estate has become Changyin's new favorite.
After the signing of the Plaza Agreement, the appreciation of the yen caused a sharp decline in exports and the Japanese economy experienced a recession.
In order to alleviate the economic downturn and deflationary pressure, Japan began to adopt an expansionary fiscal and monetary policy. After continuous interest rate cuts between 1986 and 1987, the central bank's discount rate dropped from 5% in early 1986 to 2.5% in February 1987, the lowest level since World War II.
A series of financial easing measures have caused a sharp increase in the growth rate of Japan's money supply.
Under appreciation expectations, low interest rates and ample liquidity, a large amount of hot money poured into the stock market and real estate.
To be continued...