Since the Loulan people moved to Shanshan in 77 BC to the eighth year of the rebellion of Wang Mang, about eighty years, the Han Dynasty's power in the Western Regions was often greater than that of the Huns. The Han Dynasty set up a gubernatorial army in the Western Regions and placed military troops everywhere, which roughly allowed the Western Regions to be ruled. Although there were large-scale battles between the Han and the Huns, the Han Dynasty gradually successfully rejected the Huns from outside the Western Regions.

The Loulan people who moved to Shanshan opened up new arable land on the banks of the Tamsui Lake, which was completely free of salt, and built the city they wanted to live in. After moving to Shanshan, the Loulan people had never been attacked by the Huns. In terms of breaking away from the shackles of the Huns, Loulan had done the right move to Shanshan.

Ten years after the Loulan people abandoned their hometown, the third year of Emperor Xuan Dijie (67 BC), was formed by more than a hundred strong men, and led a group of camels of about the same number as the people, from Shanshan toward Loulan. They were preparing to take out the treasures buried by their tribesmen from the city of Loulan and nearby.

Two-thirds of the men of more than 20 years old were strong men over the age of twenty. After moving to Shanshan, they could say that they had never forgotten the city of Loulan and Lop Nur. The rest, when the whole country moved south ten years ago, were just children who were confused, and some were born after Shanshan. From their birth to today, this group of young men did not mention Loulan and Lop Nur in their prayers to Helong, but they did not know what kind of place it was. They could hardly imagine that there was really water and sand in the world with salt; they only knew that one day they had to return there and live in that beautiful city; they were inculcated since childhood that this was the fate of all the Loulan people set by their race gods.

Unexpectedly, the Loulan trip between this group of people and camels ended in a miserable result. When they left, they were attacked by the Huns in the middle of the desert, losing half of the camels and more than a dozen lives. Finally, they arrived in Loulan. Unexpectedly, Loulan had become an absolute fortress, filled with Han soldiers. In order to attack the Huns who occupied Cheshi, the army transferred from the Han territory to flow in and out of the city by the lake. The Loulan people who survived the disaster would not even be able to approach the city gate, let alone dig out their treasures.

From the sand dunes, they looked at the ancient capital of Loulan under their feet. Compared to the era when they lived, the city of Loulan in front of them and the surrounding area were beyond recognition. Looking down at their feet, the wind was swept against the ground, so small waves of wind and sand were always whirlpooling around the ground. They felt that they had never seen such sand and dust ten years ago. The undulating hills around the city also changed, appearing strange and no longer friendly; as for the lake water that was originally as clear as crystal, it was dirty, and there were fewer reeds. Only near the shore, the waves collided with each other's bodies, and they were in vain. The river dragon was angry and now became a Shanshan people, thinking in their hearts. They had to go back empty-handed.

After this, the Shanshan people never returned to their former homeland. The treasure buried under the Loulan ruins disappeared in the vast sea of ​​sand...

On the ancient Silk Road, in addition to Loulan, which was buried in yellow sand, there was also a dynasty that was once glorious but disappeared in the iron-blooded war: the Dabai Gao Kingdom, also known as the Daxia Kingdom, which later became the Western Yi. It was established by a Dangxiang Qiang tribe who advocated white, martial arts and was very mysterious.

Dangxiang Qiang is a mysterious and ancient nation in history. It is a nation that has suffered from war and constantly migrated for survival. From the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to the Loess Plateau, it avoids and strives all the way. After the baptism of blood and fire, it finally took root in the northwest and gradually established a local regime centered on Xiazhou.

Dangxiang Qiang combined the tribes of different sizes and numbers according to different surnames. Each tribe has no ruler and cannot be ordered, and is not unified. It is still in the primitive social stage. The famous tribes include the Xifeng clan, Feiting clan, Qianli clan, Pochao clan, and Yeli clan (Yeli Renrong invented the Western Xia clan, which was later called the devil writing), Fangdang clan, Miqin clan, and Tuoba clan. Among them, the Tuoba clan was the most powerful and played a leading role in the Dangxiang clan.

"It is better to shoot hawks than rabbits, it is better to catch tigers than foxes"

The Dangxiang tribe has been active in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the northwest region of our country for a long time. The terrain here is steep, isolated from the outside, backward production, and the climate is changing and the frost and snow period is long, so it belongs to the high-altitude area. The extremely harsh natural conditions have tempered the Dangxiang people to endure hardships, be strong and brave. They are able to withstand cold and heat, hunger and thirst, are good at riding and shooting, and are generally tall. The harsh objective environment cultivated the Dangxiang people's living habits of being fierce and fighting and good at war. Dangxiang women are also brave and fighting. There are records that read: "In July of the 15th year of Yuanhe of Emperor Xianzong of the Tang Dynasty, the salt thief Tuoba Sanniang and two maids were sent to the Wubai Pond in Yanzhou, and the salt thief Tuoba Sanniang and two maids." This is what Dangxiang women brought slaves and maids to rob salt, which shows that even women are very strong.

"Old Book of Tang? Biography of Dangxiang Qiang" records that the Dangxiang people hold great revenge, but revenge is not always possible. If the enemy's family is mourning, they cannot take advantage of others' danger. Some people who are unable to take revenge will not give up. They will find some strong women and go to the enemy's family to set fire to their houses. The Dangxiang people think that "the enemy's female soldiers are ominous", so they avoid it and let them set fire. If the enemy's family reconciles, they use chickens, pigs, dog blood, wine, and skulls to drink together, which not only shows the character of the Dangxiang people's character of revenge, but also shows their trustworthy side.

Heishui City, commonly known as Heishui City, is located 25 kilometers southeast of Dalaihubu Town, Ejina Banner. In the past, there were abundant water and plants, trees covering the sun, lakes like pearls, and rivers like jade belts, and its natural environment is beyond the imagination of today. In 102 BC, Emperor Wu of Han built a city here, named Juyancheng, and set up a county, and established a Duwei. Since then, it has become a strategic location for the Western Han Dynasty to resist the Xiongnu's southward and defend the four counties of Hexi. From the Han Dynasty, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Juyan was located in a corner of Hexi. It was once a historical stage for the Han, Xiongnu, Xianbei, Rouran, Turks, Uighurs, Tubo, Dangxiang and other ethnic groups to take turns performing.

(Heishui City Dangxiang is called "Ejina". Legend has it that the famous black general in Xixia bravely defended the city here. Before the Mongolian army broke through the city, he buried dozens of cars of gold, silver and jewelry together with his family in a dry well in the city to avoid falling into the enemy. Later, he led the people to break through the wall and make holes and break through, and met the enemy in the woods outside the city. After a heroic fight, the entire army was wiped out. The story of the black general's treasure hiding has spread among the people, and the mysterious legend also attracted a large number of Western explorers to come and find treasures.

In 1908, the Russian explorer Kozlov was assigned by the Tsar and led a full armed person to northern China. In the name of investigating animals and plants, they actually explored Heishui City. They set out from Zhangye, Gansu and arrived at the ruins of Heishui City. They excavated the streets, temples and other places in the city, and easily dug a large number of documents, scriptures, coins, paintings and other cultural relics. At that time, they did not realize that what they discovered was the legendary treasure city of Heishui City, and they just sent the excavated cultural relics back to Russia and left there.

In June 1909, Kozlov led an expedition team to the ruins of Heishui City again, and conducted a longer, wider and more detailed excavation. After carpet excavation in the city, they turned their eyes to the ancient tower outside the city. A shocking miracle happened. They unexpectedly discovered a stupa outside the ancient city. The entire tower was filled with a large number of cultural relics and documents, just like an ancient museum or library. Kozlov recorded his excitement at the time in his diary: "I will never forget that moment of joy.

With a crazy mood, I couldn't help but exclaim "Great Tower". After discovering this "Great Tower", Kozlov dug the tower outside the city. After a brutal excavation, 80% of the pagodas surrounding Heishui City for nearly a thousand years were damaged. After nine days of crazy excavation, Kozlov transported these countless precious cultural relics of inestimable value to St. Petersburg, Russia in batches. These treasures were huge, and Russian scholars spent decades to compile more than 8,000 numbers and thousands of volumes of these vast documents.

In the summer of 1914, Stein, a British Hungarian, also led an expedition team to explore, excavate, survey and map, and transported a batch of Chinese and Western Xia documents, prints and artworks back to London, England.

Langdon Wallner of the Fog Museum of Art at Harvard University learned about Hei Shui City from Stein's book "Ruins in the Chinese Desert", and rushed to Hei Shui City in the winter of 1923 to explore treasures. But to his annoyance and frustration, almost all traces of excavated people can be seen in every place he excavated. Everything that is valuable - whether it is murals, wood carvings, statues, manuscripts, etc., no longer exists, leaving only some fragments and pit stolen remains. Even so, Wallner dug up several mural fragments, three pottery jars, dozens of coins and other small things.

In mid-September 1926, the "Northwest Scientific Expedition Team" headed by Swedish explorer Sven Heding and Professor Xu Bingchang of Peking University in China also came to Heishui City for inspection. They conducted surveys, paintings, photography, drawing, etc. Here they conducted surveys, paintings, and paintings. Dr. Heding, who was keen on pursuing blank spots that had not been discovered by his predecessors, stayed in Heishui City for only two and a half hours and then continued to move forward to the northwest. This Sino-foreign cooperation survey reflected the awakening of the Chinese academic community. The Northwest Survey Heding originally planned to conduct a separate northwest inspection by him, but was firmly resisted by the Chinese academic community. Cooperation was forced, and the agreement stipulated that all discoveries of the inspection team were not allowed to be taken abroad. Foreigners' clever acquisition of Chinese cultural treasures was stopped... After that, China no longer allowed outsiders to enter alone.

It is said that between 1935 and 1936, Japan established a secret agency in Ejina Banner and sent cars to Heishui City several times to excavate. The Japanese did not disclose the details, and no one knew the details.

In the book "Foreign Devils on the Silk Road" written by British Peter Hopley, the history of these cultural robbers robbing Chinese cultural treasures is truly recorded. In the book, he wrote: "These people felt at ease and had no shame about the theft they were engaged in. These imperialist cultural invaders stole murals, manuscripts, statues, casts and other treasures. It can be said that the total number is in tons. Today, these precious Western Xia cultural relics are scattered in museums and cultural institutions in 13 countries around the world.")

The Dangxiang tribe was flourishing, and the Tuoba tribe established the strategic policy of "pulling Tubo's strong horses in the west and reclaiming Uighur soldiers in the north". Later, the Yan Army Office of Heishui Town was established in Juyan, and its capital was Heishui City (also known as Heishui City), which was one of the twelve military supervisors of the Western Yi who had the nature of a local military region. Heishui City thus became a northern military center for the Western Yi to defend Tubo and Uighurs, and it was also a transportation hub leading from the Hexi Corridor to the northern Mobei.

The main armies of the Western Yi are: 1. "Iron Harrier", which is the most powerful cavalry in the Western Xia. There are about 3,000 such cavalry, divided into ten teams, each with 300 people, and the team has a captain. This cavalry is well-equipped, riding on horses, heavy armor, and unable to penetrate. It is an army with extremely strong combat power. In addition to using it as his personal guard, the emperor also used it as a "foreign army" that charges and stomps.

2. The "Captaining Life Army" has a total of 100,000 people and is well-equipped, and is the elite of the Xixia army. Its main responsibility is to plunder livestock and slaves in combat. The Captaining Life Army has 30,000 main troops and 70,000 "burdens". Each main army has an average of more than two people.

3. "Guards". Among the children of the Dangxiang nobles, they selected a military force of guards composed of those who could ride and shoot with cavalry. There were about 5,000 people, called "Sixth Squads of the Imperial Domestic", and divided into three guards, giving rice two stones a month as a feed. This is a guard army, another proton army. It is used to defend the rule of the slave owners of the Xia Kingdom, and can also be used to control the powerful forces of various tribes.

4. The artillery unit has only 200 people, called "Puxidi", and stands a whirlwind cannon on the camel's saddle and launches stone bullets with big fists to attack the enemy.

In addition to organizing the "clan-in-clan soldiers" composed of Dangxiang Qiang, "clan-in-clan soldiers" were also added. The so-called "clan-in-clan soldiers" refers to selecting brave and good fighters among the captured Han people to form an army, named "Chaoling Lang", so that they can charge in front of the battle, which can reduce casualties of Dangxiang's army.

The Western Yi implemented the conscription system, with two adults being strong and one adult, and one was assigned to military citizenship. The whole people were soldiers. In addition to the "Iron Harrier", "Life Capture Army", "Garage Army", "Guard Army", "Paixi" and other permanent troops, there were also a large number of troops that were summoned. This type of army was engaged in production and training in normal times, and was gathered by tribal leaders during wartime.

The Western Yi army was well-trained and had a clean military appearance. Historical records: "The leaders of the Western thieves were all the soldiers who were planted in the fallen army, which was called "Yi Lane". The young man was dressed in an arm and used his fingers. After he formed a rank, he raised his hand to cover his mouth and dared to eat. He was worried that the chief saw him from afar and suspected his words, and he was cleaned up like this."

The total number of Western Yi troops is more than 500,000. Twelve military regions (military supervisory departments) are set up across the country to defend the area, focusing on the triangular areas of Helan Mountain, Lingzhou, Xingqing Prefecture and neighboring borders. It not only defended the capital, but also strengthened border defense. It can be said that both the inside and the outside are important, and the defense is reasonable. In the border defense forces, almost all Hengshan Qiang soldiers are equipped with strong combat power, which is called "Shane" and is the main force of the border defense forces.
Chapter completed!